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Silent install of PostgreSQL on Windows

As the PostgreSQL installer for Windows uses Windows Installer (MSI) technology, performing a silent or semi-silent install works the same way as with any MSI installer. It is all done using commandline options to msiexec, which are used to:

Specify desired user interface level
Specify which features to install
Specify (default) values for required properties
Optionally specify language to use for user messages
Look at an example

All installation is done using the postgresql-<ver>-int.msi file. The main MSI file is just a wrapper around this file that sets some required properties.

Note that the following functions are not available when running a silent install:

Verification of service account and password. If you specify an invalid account or password, the installation will proceed most of the way, then fail and rollback at the end because of login failures.
Verification of data directory location. The directory specified as data directory must either not exist or be empty before you run the installation, if you want initdb to run.
Verification of DLL versions. You will need to verify SSL library version as well as PL dependency DLLs manually if you want this check.

If you have any questions regarding silent installations, please use the pginstaller-devel mailinglist available from the pgFoundry page.

Specifying desired user interface level

The following user interface levels are available:

Name Commandline Description

Normal none Normal interactive user installation

Reduced
/qr
No user interaction. "Full size" progress window including progress descriptions.

Basic
/qb
No user interaction. Just a basic progressbar and not full descriptions. You can also remove the cancel button using
/qb!

Silent
/qn
No user information at all.

Specifying features to install

Features to install are specified by adding:

ADDLOCAL=feature1,feature2...

to the commandline. If the ADDLOCAL parameter is not set, the default set of options will be installed.

The following features are available for install (see the wxs/pginst.wxs source for an up-to-date list. This list is accurate per RC1):

Id Description

server Database server

nls Natural Language Support

postgis (8.1 only) PostGIS Spatial Extensions

pljava (8.1 only) PL/Java

psql psql commandline utility

pgadmin pgAdmin III

jdbc JDBC driver

npgsql NPgSql .Net Data Provider

psqlodbc ODBC driver

pgoledb OLE DB provider

docs (8.0 only) HTML format documentation. 8.1 will always install CHM format documentation.

includefiles C/C++ include files

libfiles C/C++ library files

msvclibs C/C++ library files for MS Visual C++

pgxs PGXS

binfiles Development tools and utilities, such as ecpg

Specifying values for properties

Property values are fixed if using any other UI level than Normal. When using Normal, they are taken as default values in the dialogs. Note that string parameters may require quotes (") around the value.

The following properties are available:

Id Default Description

INTERNALLAUNCH 0 This must be set to 1 to be able to use the -int MSI file.

DOSERVICE 1 Install running as a service.

DOINITDB 1 Run initdb on installed system. Only available when installing service. Not available on NT4.

SERVICEDOMAIN . Domain name for service user. For local user, use the name of the computer (%COMPUTERNAME%)

SERVICEACCOUNT postgres Name of service user, excluding domain name.

SERVICEPASSWORD Password for service account. The account must already have this password; the installer will not change it.

CREATESERVICEUSER (8.1 only) 0 Set to 1 have the service user created during installation, with the specified username and password.

SERVICENAME PostgreSQL Database Server <ver> Name of service in the service control manager. Must be unique on system.

SUPERUSER postgres Account name for default user in database. Only used when running initdb.

SUPERPASSWORD Password for default user in database. Only used when running initdb.

LOCALE C Locale for database. Only used when running initdb.

ENCODING SQL_ASCII Encoding for database. Only used when running initdb.

LISTENPORT 5432 TCP port to listen for connections on. Only used when running initdb.

PERMITREMOTE Permit connections from non-localhost machines (set to 1 to enable). Only used when running initdb.

PL_PGSQL 1 Install PL/PGSQL procedural language.

PL_PERL Install PL/PERL procedural language. Make sure you have the correct perl58.dll available in the system path.

PL_PERLU Install PL/PERL untrusted procedural language. Make sure you have the correct perl58.dll available in the system path.

PL_TCL Install PL/TCL procedural language. Make sure you have the correct tcl84.dll available in the system path.

PL_TCLU Install PL/TCL untrusted procedural language. Make sure you have the correct tcl84.dll available in the system path.

PL_PYTHONU Install PL/PYTHON untrusted procedural language. Make sure you have the correct python23.dll available in the system path.

PL_J***A (8.1 only) Install PL/J***A trusted and untrusted procedural languages. Make sure you have the correct JRE available in the system path.

NOSHORTCUTS (8.1 only) 0 Don't install any startmenu shortcuts

The following properties are available to change the location of the installation. It is recommended that you only change the TARGETDIR and DATADIR properties if that is appropriate for your installation.

Id Default Description

BASEDIR automatically set by Windows Installer Root directory for entire installation.

SERVERDIR BASEDIR Location of server files.

DATADIR BASEDIR\data Location of server data files.

UIDIR BASEDIR Root directory for UI subfeatures.

CBINDIR UIDIR\bin Directory for psql.exe.

PGADMINDIR UIDIR\pgAdmin Directory for pgAdmin III.

JDBCDIR BASEDIR\jdbc Directory for JDBC driver.

NPGSQLDIR BASEDIR\Npgsql Directory for Npgsql .Net data provider. (Some files are also installed in the GAC if .Net Framework is installed)

PSQLODBCDIR BASEDIR\odbc Directory for ODBC driver.

PGOLEDBDIR BASEDIR\PgOleDb Directory for OLE DB provider.

DOCDIR (8.0 only) BASEDIR\doc Directory for documentation.

DEVDIR BASEDIR Directory for development files.

There are some further specific subdirectories available that may or may not work when changed. See wxs/pginst.wxs for a complete list.

Apart from these there is a whole set of properties for which contrib modules to enable. If you want anything other than the default, you will have to look at the source code (wxs/pginst.wxs) for a list of these.

Optionally specify language to use for user messages

To select a language other than english for installation messages, you need to apply an embedded language transform. This is done by specifying the property:
TRANSFORMS=:lang_langcode
where langcode is the language code for the messages. Available language codes can be found in lang/Makefile.lang. At the time of this writing, support exists for German (de), French (fr), Brazilian Portuguese (pt_br) and Swedish (sv).

A complete example

The following example will install the server, psql and documentation into the file c:\postgres, as a service, with specified username/password. It uses a reduced UI level so we can see the full progress indication, and sets the language to german.

msiexec /i postgresql-8.0.0-rc1-int.msi  /qr INTERNALLAUNCH=1 ADDLOCAL=server,psql,docs SERVICEDOMAIN="%COMPUTERNAME%"
        SERVICEPASSWORD="SecretWindowsPassword123" SUPERPASSWORD="VerySecret" BASEDIR="c:\postgres" TRANSFORMS=:lang_de

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